Vocabulary sc geography The Land



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Vocabulary

SC Geography

The Land

Word

Definition

Picture to help you remember

Coastal Plain


This region is the largest landform region in the state





Piedmont


Hilly region that contains 1/3 of the state





Blue Ridge


Coldest and wettest region in SC—contains the highest peak.





Fall Zone


An area that divides the state into the Up Country and Low Country





Barrier Islands


Islands that protect the coast of the state.





Pangaea


An ancient huge continent





Sandhill Region


This region extends along the fall zone





Coastal Zone


Area known for its beaches





Theory of Continental Drift


Theory scientist use to explain the formation of the landscape





Whitewater Falls


Highest waterfall East of Mississippi





Sassafras Mountain


Highest Peak in South Carolina





Sandlappers


People suffering from dietary disease that ate clay






US Geography and SC Geography

The Land





United States natural landscape Formation

  • Scientists explain the formation of the United States by the theory of continental drift




What theory does Scientists use to explain the formation of the landscape?

Theory of Continental Drift



Theory of Continental Drift

  • Theory scientist use to explain the formation of the landscape




What continent is the United States located on?

North America



North America

  • North America first appeared out of the sea through the movement of tectonic plates below the earth’s surface

  • North America then became part of one huge continent known as Pangaea




South Carolina Geography




Six Regions of South Carolina

  • SC is divided into 6 geographical regions:

  • Coastal Zone,

  • Outer Coastal Plain,

  • Inner Coastal Plain,

  • Sandhills,

  • Piedmont,

  • and Blue Ridge.

  • SC is a small state, it ranks fortieth among the 50 states in size

Where is the coastal zone located in SC?

Southern Atlantic Coast

Name the 3 sections of the Coastal Zone.

Grand Strand

Santee Delta

Barrier Islands



Charleston,_and_Hilton_Head)'>The Coastal Zone

(Georgetown, Myrtle Beach, Beaufort, Charleston, and Hilton Head)

  • Stretches along the Southern Atlantic Coast

  • 185 miles long and reaches 10 miles into the interior

  • Divided into 3 sections:

    • Grand Strand

    • Santee Delta

    • Barrier Islands, these islands protect the coast of the state




Which region contains the richest farm land?

Coastal Plain

Where was rice and indigo grown during colonial times?



Outer Coastal Plain

Why was much of the soil in the Coastal Plains worn out in the nineteenth and early twentieth century?



Heavy Cotton Production-growing too much cotton


The Coastal Plain

(Florence, Orangeburg, Sumter, and Aiken)

  • Largest landform region

  • Divided into 2 section:

    • Outer Coastal Plain: 30-50 miles wide, the rivers in this region and rise and fall with the tide, inland swamps and savannas. This is where the rice and indigo was grown in colonial times.

    • Inner Coastal Plain: rich land for farming and growing cotton, however, in Nineteenth Century the soil was worn out due to heavy cotton production

    • 130-250 feet above sea level, contains Carolina Bays’ contains the richest soil in SC




Name a city in the Sandhills region.

Columbia


What are the two things that are mainly grown in the Sandhills region?

Pine Forests and Fruit Orchards

What were the “clay eaters” known as?

sandlappers



The Sandhills

(Columbia)

  • Extends along the Fall Zone

  • The Fall Zone is an area that divides the state into the Up Country and the Low Country

  • Contains red soil (clay) or sand that has washed down from the mountain; poor farm land

  • Today, pine forests and fruit orchards grow successfully here

  • Includes Columbia (capital of SC) because it is in the center of the state

  • Until the 1940’s poor farmers lived there. Many had dietary diseases and ate clay or sand.

  • They were known by outsiders as “clay eaters” or sandlappers




What region used the state’s rivers to power hydroelectric factories?

Piedmont


What is SC’s state stone?

Granite


What is a Monadnock?

A granite deposit

List 3 examples of Mondadnocks in SC.

King’s Mountain

Forty Acre Rock

Paris Mountain



The Piedmont

(Greenville, Spartanburg, Union, Greenwood,

and Rock Hill)

  • Pied= foot; mont = mountain

  • Piedmont means foot of the mountain or foothills

  • Hilly region that contains 1/3 of the state.

  • Has rapidly flowing rivers that have to come down hill, so they were good for hydroelectric factories

  • Granite, the state stone, can be found in this region because the Piedmont has Monadnocks or granite deposits.

  • Some of the Mondadnocks in SC are King's Mountain in York County, Forty Acre Rock in Lancaster County, and Paris Mountain in Greenville County




What is the coldest and wettest region in SC?

Blue Ridge

What mountain chain is the Blue Ridge area a part of?

Appalachian

Why is the Blue Ridge not good for farming?

Coldest and Wettest region

Name the highest peak and waterfall in SC.

Sassafras Mountain

Whitewater Fall


The Blue Ridge

(Near Greenville)

  • Contains 500 square miles of the Blue Ridge Mountains -- part of the Appalachian Mountains(near Greenville, SC)

• Greenville is at the foothills, or the bottom, of the Blue Ridge

Mountains

• Coldest and wettest region in SC--Contains the highest peak in SC,

Sassafras Mountain

• Also contains the highest waterfall east of the Mississippi

River, Whitewater Falls


What is SC’s largest river system?

Santee River System

What river system is located in the northeast part of SC?



Pee Dee River System

What two characteristics describe the rivers once they reach the Fall Zone?

They become broad and carry rich soil deposits


The Major River Systems

  • There are 3 major river systems in SC

    • Savannah River System (on the border between SC and GA)

    • Santee River System (middle of the state) & largest river system in SC

    • Pee Dee River System (Northeast part of the state)

    • The Rivers in the Up Country are narrow and swift

    • At the fall zone, they become broad and carry rich soil deposits

What type of climate does SC have?

Subtropical

When does SC get the most rain?

Ferbruary-July



Climate of SC

  • SC has a humid, subtropical climate

    • Long summers with temperatures close to 100 degrees

    • Mild winters with temperatures rarely reaching 0 degrees

    • Abundant rain; mostly in February and July

    • Hurricanes affect this area: hurricane season runs June- November, though SC sometimes gets them in May and December




What city on the SC coast did Hurricane Hugo hit first?

Charleston

What month and year did Hurricane Hugo hit SC?



September 1989

Where was the most destructive earthquake in SC History?



Charleston

Some Natural Disasters in SC

  • Tornadoes sometimes occur along the edges of hurricanes and tropical storms.

Hurricanes

  • In August 1893 the Great Sea Island Storm struck Savannah, Beaufort, the barrier islands, and Charleston. As many as 2,000 people were killed.

  • Hurricane Hugo hit SC in September 1989, and it was the most destructive hurricane in SC history.

  • When Hurricane Hugo hit the coast from Charleston to Myrtle Beach, people died and a lot of people were left homeless.

  • There was 5 billion dollars of property damage that stretched from the coast all the way inland to Sumter and Rock Hill

Earthquakes

  • Earthquake tremors occur regularly in the Low Country

  • The most severe was the Charleston Earthquake of 1886. It destroyed 2,000 buildings






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