Name: __________________________
Date: __________ Period: __________
Unit 1: Geog. of GA/GA’s Beginnings
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 1-97) CRCT Prep (13-18; 152-164)
I. Where in the World is Georgia?
-
Southeast/South Region of the United States.
-
United States of America Nation that Georgia is a part of
-
North America Continent that the state of Georgia is located in
-
Northern Two Hemispheres that Georgia is located in
Western
II. Georgia’s Regions and Features
-
Piedmont Region with the largest population (contains metro Atlanta)
-
Appalachian Plateau Smallest Geographic region (land area)
-
Coastal Plain Largest Geographic region (land area)
-
Blue Ridge Region that receives the most rainfall (80 inches per year)
-
Valley and Ridge Textile and carpet industries in GA are based in this region.
Label the 5 Regions of Georgia:
Blue Ridge
Appalachian Plateau
11.
10.
Coastal Plain
Piedmont
Valley and Ridge
14.
13.
12.
Label the 6 major Physical Features in Georgia:
Appalachian Mountains
15.
Okefenokee Swamp
Chattahoochee River
Barrier Islands
Fall Line
Savannah River
20.
19.
18.
17.
16.
Okefenokee Swamp
III. More Regions and Features…
-
____________________ Largest freshwater wetland (swamp) in Georgia; contains more
than 400 species of animals
Savannah River
-
____________________ River that is the natural boundary between GA and S. Carolina
Drinking Water
Hydroelectric Power
____________________ List 3 primary functions of the Savannah/Chattahoochee rivers
Travel/Transportation
____________________
____________________
Barrier Islands
-
____________________ St. Simons and Tybee are examples of which physical feature
Brasstown Bald
-
____________________ Tallest peak in Georgia (part of the Appalachian Mtns.)
IV. Prehistoric Peoples
Culture
____________________ Beliefs, traditions, types of art, and lifestyle of a group
Home/House/Shelter
____________________ Another name/word for a dwelling
Atlatl
____________________ Device used by Paleo and Archaic Indians to throw spears
farther distances
Mississippian
Woodland
____________________ Most advanced (recent) prehistoric group of Native Americans
-
____________________ Built mounds between 1000 BC and AD 1000 to use for
burials and in religious ceremonies.
Unit 2: Exploration and Georgia Colonization
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 100-148) CRCT Prep (19-37)
I. Exploration of the New World
-
Hernando DeSoto Spanish explorer; in 1540, first person to explore Georgia
-
Small Pox Disease, from Europe, that killed many Native Americans
-
Mission Church started by Spain to convert people to Catholicism
-
God Three primary reasons Spain explored the New World
Glory
Gold
-
Spain (Spanish) Three major European countries competing for the New World
France (French)
Great Britain (British)
II. Georgia as a Trustee Colony
-
Savannah Name of the first settlement (city) in Georgia
-
King George II Signed the Charter of 1732 which created GA
-
James Oglethorpe “Father of Georgia”; Founder and Head Trustee of Georgia
-
21 Number of Trustees that lead GA during the Trustee Period
-
Mary Musgrove Served as interpreter for Oglethorpe and Tomochichi
-
Tomochichi Yamacraw Chief that assisted Oglethorpe and the GA colonists
-
Ebenezer First city built by the Salzburgers in Georgia
-
Malcontents Dissatisfied Georgia colonists; Most came from Scotland
-
Debtors People unable to pay their bills; imprisoned in Great Britain
-
Charity Name three (3) reasons for the founding of Georgia
Economics (Mercantilism)
Defense
III. Georgia as a Royal Colony
-
Royal Colony Type of colony GA became after the Charter of 1732 expired
-
King or Governor Title of the person who controlled (governed) Royal Colonies
-
John Reynolds Name the three (3) Royal Governors of Georgia
Henry Ellis
James Wright
-
James Wright Georgia’s longest serving Royal Governor
-
Spain Country that controlled the Florida Territory
-
Mercantilism Economic system where you export more than you import
-
No Slavery Three rules/laws the Trustees enforced for Georgia; changed
No Alcohol during Georgia’s time as a Royal Colony
No Gambling
Women could not own/inherit land
Government (*New Form of Government)
-
Slave Person, considered property, forced to work for their owner
-
Catholicism (Catholic) Religion that was not allowed to settle (live in) Georgia
-
American Revolution War that ended the Royal Period of Georgia’s history
Unit 3: Rev., Statehood, and Westward Expansion “Almost There”
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 149-227) CRCT Prep (39-69)
I. Causes of the American Revolution
-
French and Indian War Conflict between France and Great Britain where both sides allied with OR Seven Years War several Native American Tribes
2. Stamp Act Law that placed taxes on all paper goods and products
-
Proclamation of 1763 Document, created by King George III, that awarded all land west of the Appalachian Mountains to Native Americans; angered Georgia colonists
-
Intolerable Acts Set of four laws created to punish the Massachusetts colony for the Boston Tea Party
-
Declaration of Independence Document that stated the colonies were free of British control
-
Button Gwinnett Three Georgia signers of the Declaration of Independence
Lyman Hall
George Walton
II. The American Revolution
-
Nancy Hart Female Georgia patriot who captured and killed a group of Tories (Georgians loyal to Britain) during the Revolution.
-
Austin Dabney African American soldier wounded in the Battle of Kettle Creek;
responsible for saving Elijah Clarke’s life
-
Elijah Clarke Led Georgia’s militia to victory over 800 British soldiers
-
Patriots/Whigs Colonists who favored the colonies gaining independence from the British
-
Loyalists/Tories Colonists who favored remaining under British control
-
Battle of Kettle Creek American Revolution battle in GA; victory for Georgia as the militia were able to defeat and gain supplies from the British
-
Siege of Savannah American Revolution battle in GA; loss for Georgia as the militia and continental army failed to retake GA’s capital city from British control
III. Governing Documents
-
Constitution of 1777 Georgia’s first constitution; document adopted in Savannah that created OR 1777 Georgia Constitution Georgia’s first unicameral government
-
Articles of Confederation First United States (federal) constitution; created a weak central government and was eventually replaced by our current constitution
-
Abraham Baldwin Two representatives from GA that helped to write the new constitution at William Few the Constitutional Convention of 1787
IV. Westward Expansion
-
University of Georgia First land grant university; meant to educate all white men regardle OR UGA whether they were poor or wealthy
-
Louisville Georgia’s third capital city from 1796 to 1807; moved to this location after GA’s population continued to move westward
-
Baptist Two largest church denominations in Georgia after the American
Methodist Revolution; spread across the state as the population moved westward
-
Headright System Method used to distribute land by giving up to 1,000 acres of land to white men (considered the head of the family)
-
Land Lottery Method used to distribute land; white men, orphans, and widows were allowed to buy tickets used to determine the area of land they were given
-
Cotton Gin Machine, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793, that separated seeds from cotton
-
Railroads A new, faster and efficient mode of transportation in Georgia; reduced the need for horses, stagecoaches, and boats; important to the establishment of the city of Terminus (which was later renamed Marthasville and Atlanta)
V. Indian Removal
-
Alexander McGillivray Creek leader in the Oconee War between Creek and Georgia pioneers; worked to centralize powers within Creek society and protect Creek lands
-
William McIntosh Leader of the Creek Nation from 1810 – 1820 who signed the Treaty of Indian Springs; murdered by the police force he created after giving away all Creek lands in GA (after being bribed)
-
Sequoyah Cherokee Indian who created the written Cherokee language (syllabary)
-
John Ross Became the principal chief of the Cherokee in 1827; established a written constitution for the Cherokee Nation using the syllabary
-
Dahlonega The discovery of gold in this Georgia city led to the forced removal of the OR Dahlonega Gold Rush Cherokee Indians (known as the Trail of Tears)
-
John Marshall Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court; ruled in Worcester v. Georgia that the Cherokee territory was not subject to state law
-
Andrew Jackson American general that became a US president; assisted in the forced removal of the Creek and Cherokee Indians from Georgia
Unit 4: Government
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 502-551) CRCT Prep (168-197)
I. Foundations of Government
-
Separation of Powers Model for governance where each branch of government have different and independent duties, powers, and responsibilities.
-
Responsibilities Paying taxes, serving on a jury when called, protecting your country are examples of ?????????? of citizens
-
Constitution A set of laws for a nation or state; document that creates the government for a nation or state and describes voting rights, limits of power, and rights of citizens; Georgia and the United States each have one of these.
-
Checks and Balances System created so that each branch of government can limit the powers of the other branches; ensures that one branch of government does not become more powerful than the others.
-
18 Years Old Three requirements to register to vote in the state of Georgia
Citizen of the United States
Resident of the county where you are voting
II. Branches of Government
Directions: Complete the following table by listing the members, terms, qualifications, duties, and whether the members are elected or appointed (and who elects or appoints the members) for each of the three branches of Georgia’s government.
|
Legislative
|
Executive
|
Judicial
|
Members
|
General Assembly; House of Rep and Senate
|
Governor and Lieutenant Governor
|
Supreme Court and Lower State Courts
|
Terms
|
2 Year Terms
|
4 Year Terms
|
Supreme and Appeals (6 Year Terms); others 4 Years Terms
|
Qualifications
|
Legal residents of GA and their districts; Senate (25); Rep. (21)
|
US Citizens for 15 Years and GA for 6; min. of 30 Years Old.
|
Practice law for 7 Years and live in the district they serve
|
Duties
|
Create laws for GA; pass the state budget.
|
Enforce laws for GA; create the state budget.
|
Interpret laws for GA; hold trials in Criminal and Civil cases.
|
Elected or Appointed
|
Elected by GA citizens.
|
Elected by GA citizens
|
Elected by GA citizens; vacancies appointed by the Governor.
|
-
Drafting 5 Steps for a bill to become a law in Georgia.
-
Introduction
-
Committee Consideration
-
Floor Consideration
-
Governor Consideration
III. Local Governments in Georgia
-
Special Purpose Government Groups created to perform a specific task; includes housing authorities, recreation and park authorities, and downtown development authorities.
-
Municipalities Term that refers to cities and towns; there are approximately 535 of these in Georgia, each with their own governments.
-
County Government Level of government responsible for the building and maintenance of roads, controls licenses for cars and trucks, runs Georgia’s welfare programs, and has their own court systems; there are 159 of these in Georgia.
-
Weak Mayor-Council Type of city government that has a city council responsible for making laws and a mayor that holds no special executive powers (no power to veto, choose committee members, or overriding say in the budget).
-
Strong Mayor-Council Type of city government that has a city council responsible for making laws and a mayor that is very powerful (has the power to veto bills, choose committee members, and has overriding say in the budget).
-
Council-Manager Type of city government that has a city council responsible for making laws and the executive branch is led by a city manager that holds all special executive powers while the mayor is a member of the legislative branch.
IV. Juvenile Justice
-
Unruly Behavior Behavior that is considered a status offense when committed by children (would not be a crime if committed by an adult); examples include a child refusing to go to school and running away from home.
-
Delinquent Behavior When a child commits a crime it is considered to be this type of behavior; a child between 13 and 17 will be punished according to the law, which may include up to serving 5 years in a juvenile detention facility.
-
Juvenile Term for a person between the ages of 13 and 17 in Georgia.
-
Taken into Custody (arrested) 4 Steps in the Juvenile Justice process in Georgia.
-
Probable Cause Hearing
-
Adjudicatory Hearing
-
Dispositional Hearing
-
Aggravated Child Molestation 7 Delinquent Behaviors that children between the ages of 13 and 17 who are
-
Aggravated Sexual Battery thought to have committed any of these crimes will be tried as adults
-
Aggravated Sodomy
-
Murder
-
Rape
-
Voluntary Manslaughter
-
Armed Robbery with a Firearm
Unit 5: Civil War and Reconstruction
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 228-316) CRCT Prep (70-93)
I. Antebellum Georgia
-
Compromise of 1850 Agreement between northern and southern states; admitted California as a
(and the GA Platform) free state and New Mexico and Utah could vote on slavery.
-
Republican New political party that opposed slavery; created prior to the Civil War
-
States’ Rights One of the major causes of the American Civil War; belief that the interests
of a state take precedence over the national government.
-
Slaves Forced labor; provided most of the labor in the south during Antebellum
-
Abolitionist People who worked/fought to get rid of slavery
-
Nullification Legal theory that states had the right to invalidate (not follow) any law they
believed to be unconstitutional
-
Dred Scott Slave whose case went to the U.S. Supreme Court; argued that he was free
because he had lived in a free state; U.S. Supreme Court decided in favor of
the owner ruling that slaves were property
-
Abraham Lincoln American President during the Civil War; elected President in 1860
-
Industry or Factories Main way that the people in the North made money (Def.: Manufacturing
activity whose purpose is to create, or make, something useful)
-
Cotton Main agricultural (farming) product produced in the South; the economy of
the south was based on this product
II. The Civil War
-
Union Blockade of GA’s Coast Northern war strategy; close off southern ports to keep the south from
exporting and importing goods
-
Emancipation Proclamation Document issued by Abraham Lincoln that declared the freedom for all
slaves in states that were still in rebellion against the Union if they did not
surrender; took effect on January 1, 1863
-
Antietam Civil War battle near Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862;
bloodiest single day battle of the American Civil War
-
Robert E. Lee Main Confederate general (Commander of the Confederate Army); led the
Army of Northern Virginia in the battles of Gettysburg and Antietam;
surrendered to the Union at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865
-
William Tecumseh Sherman Union general that led the March to the Sea and the burning of Atlanta
-
Andersonville Confederate Civil War prison where thousands of Union soldiers died from
OR Fort Sumter dehydration, starvation, and/or disease
-
Chickamauga Civil War battle where the Union wins control of an important railroad
center near Chattanooga, Tennessee
-
Gettysburg Civil War battle; three day battle (July 1 to July 3, 1863); Union won
while suffering 23,000 casualties; Confederacy suffered 28,000 casualties
III. Reconstruction
-
Freedmen’s Bureau Colleges, such as Morehouse College, began through the work of this
organization which was created to help freed slaves after the Civil War
-
13th Amendment Constitutional amendment that abolished slavery
-
Henry McNeal Turner One of the first black men to win election to Georgia’s General Assembly in
the election of 1867
-
Reconstruction Period of time, after the Civil War, when the South was required to undergo
political, social, and economic change in order to reenter the United States
-
14th Amendment Constitutional amendment that granted citizenship to freedmen; required
freedmen to be given “equal protection under the law”
-
Ku Klux Klan Secret organization that was created after the Civil War; terrorized blacks to
try and keep them from voting
-
15th Amendment Constitutional amendment that gave all males the right to vote regardless of
race/ethnicity
Unit 6: The New South
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 317-373) CRCT Prep (94-107)
I. Economics of the New South
-
Bourbon Triumvirate Group of three wealthy men (Joseph E. Brown, Alfred H. Colquitt, John B. Gordon) that led the Georgia Democrats and tried to help the wealthy, white citizens of Georgia during the New South.
-
Populist New political party that was formed during the New South; supported farmers and African Americans in the South.
-
Rebecca Latimer Felton Georgia reformer that worked to improve child labor laws and prison conditions; served as the first female U.S. Senator.
-
Henry Grady Person known as “the voice of the New South” and “the father of the New South”; used his influence working for the Atlanta Constitution to persuade Northerners about the South’s ability to be industrial; helped to organize the International Cotton Exposition.
-
Tom Watson Georgia politician and leader of the Populist Party; created the RFD Bill that delivered mail to rural areas for free; assisted poor Georgians and farmers.
-
International Cotton Expo. Event held in 1881 and 1895; created to show the economic recovery and potential of the South after Reconstruction; tried to get businessmen to invest money in Georgia by building factories (industry).
-
1906 Atlanta Riot Racial violence between white and black citizens in 1906; began as a result of false accusations against black citizens (raping and murdering white women) published in the Atlanta Journal and Atlanta Constitution.
-
Leo Frank Jewish factory manager accused of killing a 14 year old white girl named Mary Phagan; he was sentenced to death but the sentence was later changed to life in prison; kidnapped and lynched (hung) in Marietta.
-
Knights of Mary Phagan The Ku Klux Klan was reborn in Georgia after they lynched the man who was accused of murdering Mary Phagan – what was this group called?
-
County Unit System System of voting used in local and state elections which gave small, rural counties more voting power; later declared unconstitutional in 1962.
II. Social and Political Change
-
Jim Crow Laws Laws passed to establish segregation among black and white citizens.
-
Disenfranchisement Rules used to take away African Americans right to vote; included the use of the Poll Tax, Owning of Property, and Literacy Tests.
-
Plessy v. Ferguson U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld segregation; centered around a multi- racial man that was arrested for sitting in the “White Only” railroad car.
-
Racial Events such as race riots, lynchings, the Leo Frank case, and terrorist acts by or Racial Violence the Ku Klux Klan were results of what type of violence?
-
Booker T. Washington Founder and President of Tuskegee University; believed education for African Americans was the key to obtaining social and political equality; gave the famous “Atlanta Compromise” speech in 1895.
-
W. E. B. DuBois Atlanta University professor; believed African Americans should form organizations in the fight against discrimination and segregation; worked with the Niagara movement and the NAACP in New York.
-
John Hope President of Atlanta University; helped to create the NAACP; worked with his wife to better the lives of African Americans in Atlanta.
-
Alonzo Herndon Atlanta businessman (barber and owner of Atlanta Mutual Insurance Company); became the wealthiest African American in Atlanta.
-
19th Amendment Constitutional Amendment that gave women the right to vote.
-
NAACP The 1st major organization for African American rights; created through the work of the Niagara Movement.
III. Georgia and the Great War
-
Allied France, Russia, Great Britain, Belgium, Serbia and the United States were a part of the ?????????? Powers in WWI.
-
Franz Ferdinand Archduke from Austria-Hungary; his assassination started WWI.
-
Woodrow Wilson American President during WWI; hoped to keep the United States neutral at the beginning of the war.
-
Central Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire made up the ?????????? Powers in WWI
-
Germany The Treaty of Versailles made what European country accept blame for WWI and pay $33 Billion in war reparations?
-
Sinking of Lusitania Two events/causes were the reasons the United States entered WWI.
27. Zimmerman Telegram
-
End All Wars WWI was also known as the “Great War” and “the war to ??????????.
-
Train Soldiers Two main functions of the military bases (such as Camp Benning, Fort
-
Prison Camp (P.O.W.) McPherson, Camp Gordon, and Camp Hancock) in GA during WWI.
Bonus Question (+5 Points) – What popular soft drink was created in Atlanta, by Dr. John Pemberton, during the New South? (*Hint – World of…). Coca-Cola or Coke
Unit 7: Early 20th Century GA
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 380-415) ) CRCT Prep (108-124)
I. The Great Depression
-
AAA New Deal program that restricted agricultural production by paying farmers
to grow less crops; helped to fix the issues of over production of farming
products.
-
Drought Period of time with little or no precipitation (rain); huge economic issue
states where agriculture (farming) is a major economic activity.
-
CCC New Deal program that created new jobs in order to build parks, sewer
systems, bridges, etc.
-
New Deal FDR’s plan to ease and lead America out of the Great Depression; created
numerous government agencies in order to assist workers (reformed labor
laws and farming practices) and create jobs.
-
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) Elected as President of the United States in 1932; elected to a total of four
terms of office as president (served longer than any other president);
president during most of the Great Depression and WWII; died in 1945 (replaced by Vice President Harry S Truman; Truman served until the end of WWII and was the leader that decided to use Atomic Bombs on Japan).
-
Eugene Talmadge Powerful governor of Georgia during the 1930’s and 1940’s; very critical of
Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal programs.
-
Great Depression Economic crisis in the United States from 1929 until the start of WWII;
began with the Stock Market crash on Black Tuesday (October 29, 1929).
-
Social Security New Deal program designed to assist the unemployed and elderly workers;
originally served as insurance for employees that lost their jobs during the
Great Depression.
-
Boll Weevil Insect that destroyed large amounts of cotton grown on southern farms in
the 1920's.
-
Rural Electrification (REA) New Deal program that helped to bring electric power to rural (country)
areas that had not previously received electricity.
II. World War II (WWII)
-
Bombing of Pearl Harbor Sneak attack against a U.S. naval base in Hawaii by the empire of Japan on
December 7, 1941.
-
Lend-Lease Policy used by the United States at the beginning of WWII to allow Great
Britain (and other allies) to borrow or rent weapons.
-
Savannah Location of two deep water ports in Georgia; factories built “Liberty
-
Brunswick Ships” at these two locations during WWII.
-
Bell Aircraft Marietta factory used to build B-29 bombers during WWII; began
assembling bombers for the U.S. Air Force in 1943 and created 668 planes
prior to closing in 1945.
-
Warm Springs Georgia city visited by Franklin D. Roosevelt many times during his
presidency (beginning in 1924); site of the “Little White House” and the
location of FDR’s death.
-
Military Bases Facilities used to train soldiers, serve as military hospitals and prisoner of
war camps during WWII; brought to Georgia through the work of Senator
Richard Russell.
-
Carl Vinson Served 25 consecutive terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from
1914 to 1965; helped to expand the U.S. Navy during this time period by
creating bills that built new Navy bases and ship building factories.
-
Richard Russell Served in the U.S. Senate for 38 years; helped to improve the military
preparedness of the United States by increasing the military budget and
helping to create additional military bases in Georgia.
-
Holocaust Name given to the systematic extermination (killing) of 6 million Jews and
5-6 million other “undesirables” by Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany during
World War II.
III. Allied or Axis Powers (21-30)
Directions: Place the following terms into the correct side of the “T” Chart (Allied Power or Axis Power). Each of the ten (10) terms count as their own question!
-
Germany
-
United States
-
Italy
-
Japan
-
Great Britain
-
Soviet Union
-
France
-
Adolf Hitler
-
Franklin D. Roosevelt
-
Harry S Truman
Allied Powers
|
Axis Powers
| -
United States
-
Great Britain
-
Soviet Union
-
France
-
Franklin D. Roosevelt
-
Harry S Truman
| -
Germany
-
Italy
-
Japan
-
Adolf Hitler
|
Unit 8: Modern GA and Civil Rights
Page Numbers – Textbook (p. 424-493) CRCT Prep (125-150)
I. Post-World War II Georgia
-
Agriculture After World War II there was a transformation of ??????????; synthetic fibers (such as nylon and rayon) lessened the need for cotton; Georgia began to become more industrial; poultry became the main agricultural product.
-
Major League Sports The Atlanta Braves, Hawks, and Falcons are all examples; provide additional tax
money (revenue) for Atlanta, GA.
-
Ivan Allen, Jr. Mayor of Atlanta from 1962-1970; removed the “Colored” and “White’s Only” signs from City Hall; oversaw the construction of skyscrapers and buildings in Atlanta; integrated the fire department and city governments; Atlanta Braves
(MLB), Atlanta Hawks (NBA), and Atlanta Falcons (NFL) all came to Atlanta
during his tenure.
-
Ellis Arnall Elected governor of Georgia in 1942; first governor to serve a four year term of office; corrected the college accreditation problems created by ex-governor Eugene Talmadge; removed the prison system from the governor’s control; gave 18 year old citizens the right to vote.
-
William B. Hartsfield Served as mayor of Atlanta from 1937-1961 (6 terms; longer than any other mayor); oversaw many building projects (including the Atlanta Airport, expressways, and parks); after his death Atlanta Airport renamed after him.
-
Hartsfield-Jackson Airport Four major transportation systems in GA; one by air, one by sea, and two by land.
-
Deepwater Ports
-
Interstate Highway System
Railroads
II. Segregation and Civil Rights
-
White Primary Under this system only white citizens were allowed to vote in primary elections; made elections unfair by allowing only white citizens to choose the candidates for general elections.
-
1946 Governor’s Race The “Three Governors” controversy began as a result of this election; Eugene Talmadge was elected Georgia’s governor but died before taking office; current governor Ellis Arnall, Lt. Governor Melvin Thompson, and Herman Talmadge fought to choose the new governor; Herman Talmadge eventually elected in 1947.
-
Herman Talmadge Segregationist Georgia governor that promised (unsuccessfully) to bring back the white primaries; big supporter of education; expanded the school year to 9 months; opposed the integration of Georgia’s schools.
-
1956 State Flag Symbol of Georgia; changed to incorporate St. Andrews Cross (Confederate Battle Flag); became a controversy between white and black citizens.
-
SNCC Student organization founded to help black citizens register to vote and led protests, sit-ins, and boycotts of businesses that would not serve blacks.
-
Brown v. Board of Education U.S. Supreme Court case/decision that ruled that segregation to be unconstitutional (illegal); dealt with a group of young people trying to attend (and being denied the right to attend) an all white school in Topeka, Kansas.
-
Sibley Commission 14 member committee; studied the problem of integration after Brown v. Board of
Education; discovered most Georgians would rather close schools than integrate.
-
Benjamin Mays Lifelong educator and President of Morehouse College; mentored Martin Luther King, Jr. while at Morehouse; founded Omega Psi Phi Fraternity and was the first African American school board president in Atlanta.
-
Martin Luther King, Jr. Civil Rights leader that used a non-violent approach (such as sit-ins) to ending racial segregation; delivered the “I Have A Dream” speech at the March on Washington in 1963; assassinated by James Earl Ray in 1968.
-
Albany Movement Desegregation movement that led by Dr. William Anderson, that challenged segregation; began in Albany, Georgia through the work of the SNCC, the NAACP and local activists.
-
Hamilton Holmes First two African American students admitted to the University of Georgia.
-
Charlayne Hunter
-
Civil Rights Act New civil rights laws created by John F. Kennedy and approved in 1964 by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson; required all public facilities to be integrated and prohibited discrimination in business and labor unions.
-
Lester Maddox Became GA’s governor in 1967; had previously owned and forcefully removed African Americans from the restaurant he owned; once governor, appointed more African Americans to positions than all previous governors combined; established People’s Days so that people could visit and have discussions with the governor.
-
Andrew Young Assisted MLK during the Civil Rights Movement; executive director of the SCLC; won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1972 (first African American from GA to be elected to Congress since the 1860’s); U.N. Ambassador for Carter.
-
Maynard Jackson Became the first African American mayor of a major southern city in 1973; increased programs for the arts, expanded the Atlanta Airport and was mayor of Atlanta during the 1996 Summer Olympic Games.
III. Georgia in Recent History
-
Reapportionment Term that refers to redrawing the boundaries of election districts; allowed more African American (and other minorities) and women to be elected in GA.
-
Immigrants People that have migrated (moved) from other places to find jobs, shelter, and opportunity; important to the growth and economy of GA.
-
Jimmy Carter Elected U.S. President in 1976 (only President from GA); also served as a Senator and Governor of GA; negotiated the Camp David Accords in 1978 between Israel and neighboring Arab states; received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002.
-
County Unit System Voting method that gave rural (sparsely populated) areas more power in GA than larger urban counties; violated the 14th Amendment; made unconstitutional in 1962.
-
Two-Party System Political change during the 1980’s and 1990’s where more Republican candidates won election in Georgia than any previous time; replaced the Democrat dominated One-Party System.
-
1996 Olympic Games 72 million visitors came to GA to witness this event; created revenue of more than $5 Billion; built sports venues and parks and increased international recognition; also the event that killed Alice Hawthorne and wounded 117 others at Centennial Olympic Park.
Unit 9: Personal Finance
Page Numbers CRCT Prep (p. 211)
I. Personal Finance
-
Income Amount of money that a person makes by selling products or providing a service to the citizens of an area; serves as a basis for the collection of taxes by State and Federal Governments.
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Budget Spending and savings plan; developed by citizens to assist with saving and spending decisions and by governments to determine how tax money is spent and allocated to different agencies and programs.
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Savings Money that is not spent but instead kept for use in the future; this money is usually kept in certain bank accounts or invested.
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Entrepreneur A person who creates, organizes, and manages a new business; usually involves the risk of invested money (capital) in order to make money.
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Investing Putting money aside for future benefit and growth (usually through interest) or by using the money to start a business, buy stocks, bonds, certificates of deposit, and/or mutual funds.
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Profit Monetary gain a business owner makes by selling goods or providing services; calculated by subtracting the total expenses from the total income.
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Credit Term that applies to the ability to buy something now and pay for it later over a period of time (usually with having to pay a finance charge and/or the addition of interest).
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Coca-Cola List three (3) examples of large businesses from Georgia that provide jobs
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Delta Airlines for Georgia’s citizens, products for people across Georgia and the United
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Home Depot States and additional tax revenue for our state.
Georgia-Pacific
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