Tragedy of the Commons assignment



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Tragedy of the Commons assignment
1. What does Hardin think about freedom of the commons
Hardin wrote, Ruin is the destination toward which all men rush, each pursuing his own best
interest in a society that believes in the freedom of the commons. Freedom in a commons
brings ruin to all

2. Give three examples of common resources for humans
Common resource examples include fisheries, forests, and even the air.

3. What is a current example of a global tragedy of the commons
On the global stage, the greatest tragedy of the commons is climate change.
4. What did Elinor Ostrom find regarding the effectiveness of water supply across irrigation systems
Among the government-owned systems, Tang found that 43% performed well. However,
farmer-owned systems did better, 72% performing well, despite generally being low-tech
constructions, in contrast with what Ostrom called the fancy engineering of the government
systems.
5. What are three design principles Ostrom identified for management of resources
For example, decisions must be made collectively, letting most users give their say. There
should be graduated sanctions so if you break the rules by taking too much water or grazing
too many cows, you face mild censure at first, followed by increasingly stiff punishments for
further offenses. One of the most vital design principles is that users should have away to
make their own rules.
6. What three incentives were used by Agrawal, Gerber, and Chhatre to help manage forests in northern India Which incentive worked best
Some received collective material benefits, such as footpaths and water tanks. In other cases,
individual households received goods, such as livestock. Finally, there were incentives in the
form of information about the program and its aims, with meetings and environmental
education. The best results were supplied by collective material incentives.
7. How is the tragedy of the commons like the prisoner’s dilemma
In game theory, tragedy of the commons is akin to the prisoner’s dilemma cooperation would
be best overall, but you gain by betraying the other culprit (or resource competitor) no matter
what they choose to do. Researchers have often modeled the tragedy of the
commons using a generalized prisoners dilemma.

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