Technology In Action, Complete, 11e (Evans et al.) Chapter 10 Behind the Scenes: Software Programming



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Technology In Action, Complete, 11e (Evans et al.)

Chapter 10 Behind the Scenes: Software Programming
1) What is the first step of the system development life cycle (SDLC)?

A) Design

B) Analysis

C) Problem and opportunity identification

D) Development and documentation

Answer: C

Diff: 1

Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle


2) The final step of the system development life cycle (SDLC) is ________.

A) testing and installation

B) maintenance and evaluation

C) analysis

D) design

Answer: B

Diff: 1

Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle


3) ________ is the process of translating a task into a series of commands that a computer will use to perform the task.

A) Debugging

B) Programming

C) Analyzing

D) Diagramming

Answer: B

Diff: 1

Section Ref: The Life Cycle of a Program


4) Which of the following is the final stage of the program development life cycle (PDLC)?

A) Making the plan

B) Coding

C) Testing and documentation

D) Debugging the code

Answer: C

Diff: 1

Section Ref: The Life Cycle of a Program


5) The set of specific, sequential steps that describe exactly what a computer program must do to complete the work is called a(n) ________.

A) flowchart

B) structure chart

C) algorithm

D) pseudocode

Answer: C

Diff: 2

Section Ref: The Life Cycle of a Program



6) Which of the following provides a visual representation of the patterns of an algorithm?

A) Flowchart

B) Pseudocode

C) Gantt chart

D) Flow analysis

Answer: A

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development


7) ________ is a combination of natural language and programming language that is used to document an algorithm.

A) Flowcharting

B) Pseudocode

C) Diagramming

D) Debugging

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development


8) The keywords used in programming languages that use decisions to redirect the flow of a program are called ________.

A) pseudocode

B) control structures

C) flowcharts

D) operators

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Developing the Algorithm: Decision Making and Design


9) A loop decision point consists of three features: an initial value, a set of actions to be performed, and a(n) ________.

A) class


B) operator

C) test condition

D) testing plan

Answer: C

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Developing the Algorithm: Decision Making and Design


10) The flowchart shape for a process is a(n) ________.

A) parallelogram

B) rectangle

C) diamond

D) oval

Answer: B



Diff: 2

Section Ref: Developing the Algorithm: Decision Making and Design

11) ________ breaks down a problem into a series of high-level tasks and continues to break each task into successively more detailed subtasks.

A) Object-oriented analysis

B) Top-down design

C) Bottom-up design

D) Inheritance

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Top-Down Design


12) Object-oriented ________ are defined by the information (data) and the actions (methods) associated with them.

A) blocks

B) classes

C) units


D) fields

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Object-Oriented Analysis


13) In object-oriented programming, ________ allows a new class to automatically use all the data and methods of an existing class.

A) reusability

B) regression

C) scalability

D) inheritance

Answer: D

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Object-Oriented Analysis


14) The first-generation language is ________.

A) BASIC


B) machine language

C) COBOL


D) assembly language

Answer: B

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer


15) The capability of moving a completed programming solution easily from one type of computer to another is known as ________.

A) portability

B) scalability

C) transferability

D) inheritance

Answer: A

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer



16) SQL is an example of a ________.

A) 2GL


B) 3GL

C) 4GL


D) 5GL

Answer: C

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer


17) Which statement does NOT describe fifth-generation languages?

A) They are the most "natural" of languages.

B) They use a set of short, English-based commands (such as SUB) that speak directly to the CPU.

C) Problems are presented as a series of facts or constraints rather than as a specific algorithm.

D) The system of facts can be queried.

Answer: B

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer


18) Translating an algorithm into a programming language is called ________.

A) interpreting

B) coding

C) compiling

D) executing

Answer: B

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer


19) The process that converts program code into machine language is called ________.

A) documentation

B) variable declaration

C) compilation

D) execution

Answer: C

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Compilation


20) ________ is the instructions programmers have written in a higher-level language.

A) Executable code

B) Base code

C) Compiled code

D) Source code

Answer: D

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Compilation



21) An integrated development environment (IDE) is a ________.

A) program that helps interpret code

B) tool that converts one programming language into a different programming language

C) collection of tools that helps programmers write and test their programs

D) program that translates code into binary 1s and 0s and ignores comments

Answer: C

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Coding Tools: Integrated Development Environments


22) Division by zero is a ________ error that is caught when the program executes.

A) compiler

B) runtime

C) syntax

D) logical

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors


23) Before its final commercial release, a(n) ________ version of software may be offered to certain test sites or to interested users free or at a reduced cost.

A) gamma


B) release to manufacturers (RTM)

C) beta


D) general availability (GA)

Answer: C

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors


24) ________ is a powerful programming language that can be used to create a wide range of Windows applications.

A) Visual Basic

B) PHP

C) BASIC


D) HTML

Answer: A

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Visual Basic


25) Which language is the most popular language for writing Apple OS X applications?

A) C++


B) HTML

C) Objective C

D) Java

Answer: C



Diff: 3

Section Ref: C and C++

26) A small Java-based program is called a ________.

A) Java class

B) JSP

C) JavaScript



D) Java applet

Answer: D

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Java and C#


27) Special symbols called tags are used in which of the following languages?

A) C#


B) Java

C) HTML/XHTML

D) C++

Answer: C



Diff: 1

Section Ref: HTML


28) Which of the following would NOT be used to build websites with interactive capabilities?

A) Active Server Pages

B) PHP (hypertext preprocessor)

C) Fortran

D) Java Server Pages

Answer: C

Diff: 3

Section Ref: ASP, JSP, and PHP


29) ________ enables users to define their own data-based tags and facilitates exchange of information between websites.

A) HTML


B) XHTML

C) XML


D) PHP

Answer: C

Diff: 2

Section Ref: AJAX and XML


30) Corona and Magmito can be used to develop ________.

A) complex web applications

B) apps for smartphones

C) Mac software

D) Web pages

Answer: B

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Mobile Applications


31) SDLC stands for ________.

Answer: system development life cycle

Diff: 1

Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle



32) In a(n) ________ system, each step is dependent on the previous step.

Answer: waterfall

"waterfall"

Diff: 2


Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle
33) A(n) ________ is a visual diagram of a process that includes any decisions that are made along the way.

Answer: flowchart

Diff: 2

Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle


34) In the ________ phase of the SDLC, exploration of the depth of a problem and development of program specifications take place.

Answer: analysis

Analysis

Diff: 2


Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle
35) In the "Making a Plan" step of the PDLC, a(n) ________ is written in natural, ordinary language describing exactly what the computer program is to do.

Answer: algorithm

Diff: 2

Section Ref: The Life Cycle of a Program


36) ________ is the part of the problem statement that describes what a program should do if the input data is invalid.

Answer: Error handling

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement


37) ________ is not actual programming code but uses words to describe the algorithm.

Answer: Pseudocode

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development


38) The flowchart shape for a binary decision is a(n) ________.

Answer: diamond

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development


39) A(n) ________ is a control structure that continues to be performed while a test condition is true.

Answer: loop

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Developing the Algorithm: Decision Making and Design


40) ________ design is a systematic approach that is used to break down a problem into a series of high-level tasks.

Answer: Top-down

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Top-Down Design



41) In object-oriented terms, an original class is called the ________ class.

Answer: base

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Object-Oriented Analysis


42) In object-oriented terms, a new, modified class is called the ________ class.

Answer: derived

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Object-Oriented Analysis


43) SQL stands for ________.

Answer: Structured Query Language

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer


44) ________-generation languages use symbols and commands to tell the computer what to do.

Answer: Third

3rd

Diff: 3


Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer
45) A(n) ________ translates source code into an intermediate form, line by line.

Answer: interpreter

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Compilation


46) A(n) ________ program is the binary sequence that has been translated from source code by a compiler for use by the CPU.

Answer: executable

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Compilation


47) A(n) ________ error is caused by not following the strict, precise set of rules for a specific programming language.

Answer: syntax

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Coding Tools: Integrated Development Environments


48) IDE stands for ________.

Answer: integrated development environment

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Coding Tools: Integrated Development Environments


49) The process of running a program over and over to find errors and make sure the program behaves in the way it should is known as ________.

Answer: debugging

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors



50) ________ and runtime errors are caught only when a program executes.

Answer: Logical

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors


51) Most browsers can execute Java ________, which are small Java-based programs.

Answer: applets

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Java and C#


52) When a large project begins, a programmer can build a(n) ________, which is a small model of what the final program will look like when it is finished.

Answer: prototype

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Visual Basic


53) The acronym HTML stands for ________.

Answer: Hypertext Markup Language

Diff: 2

Section Ref: HTML


54) HTML uses special symbols called ________ to control how information is displayed on the web.

Answer: tags

Diff: 1

Section Ref: HTML


55) The ________ language was introduced in the early 1990s and quickly became popular because its object-oriented model enables programmers to benefit from its large set of existing classes.

Answer: Java

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Java and C#


56) Data-flow diagrams trace all data in an information system from the point at which data enter the system to their final resting places.

Answer: TRUE

Diff: 2

Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle


57) The program specification is a clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project.

Answer: TRUE

Diff: 1

Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle


58) During the program debugging stage, the people who will use the program test the software.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 2

Section Ref: The Life Cycle of a Program



59) Data are the raw inputs that users have at the start of the job.

Answer: TRUE

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Describing the Problem: The Problem Statement


60) The standard set of vocabulary for pseudocode is specific and detailed.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development


61) The flowchart shape for input or output is an oval.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development


62) A data-flow diagram provides a visual representation of an algorithm.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Making a Plan: Algorithm Development


63) Bottom-up design is a systematic approach in which a problem is broken into a series of high-level tasks.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Top-Down Design


64) When programmers need to create several different examples of a class, each is known as an object.

Answer: TRUE

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Object-Oriented Analysis


65) Inheritance means that the data and methods of an existing class can be extended and customized to fit a new class.

Answer: TRUE

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Object-Oriented Analysis


66) PROLOG is an example of a fourth-generation programming language.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer


67) Second-generation languages are also known as assembly languages.

Answer: TRUE

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer


68) A compiler translates the source code into an intermediate form, line by line.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Compilation



69) One IDE can often be configured to support many different languages.

Answer: TRUE

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Coding Tools: Integrated Development Environments


70) Syntax errors are caught only when a program executes.

Answer: FALSE

Diff: 1

Section Ref: Debugging: Getting Rid of Errors


71) Match each of the following generations to its language:

I. 1GL


II. 2GL

III. 3GL


IV. 4GL

V. 5GL
A. assembly language

B. SQL

C. machine language



D. PROLOG

E. COBOL


Answer: C, A, E, B, D

Diff: 3


Section Ref: Coding: Speaking the Language of the Computer
72) Match each of the following terms to its definition:

I. portability

II. reusability

III. inheritance

IV. method

V. data
A. a new class can automatically pick up data and methods of an existing class

B. the capability to move a completed solution easily from one type of computer to another

C. the ability to apply classes from other projects to a new project

D. an object oriented function or behavior

E. raw input

Answer: B, C, A, D, E

Diff: 3


Section Ref: Multiple locations in the chapter

73) Match each of the following terms to its definition:

I. source code

II. syntax

III. compiler

IV. interpreter

V. operator
A. program that translates code into binary 0s and 1s and ignores comments

B. agreed-on set of rules defining how the language must be structured

C. translates source code line by line into an intermediate form

D. coding symbol that represents a fundamental action of a language

E. programmers' instructions written in a higher-level language

Answer: E, B, A, C, D

Diff: 3

Section Ref: Multiple locations in the chapter


74) Match each of the following steps of SDLC development to its position in the development process.

I. development

II. design

III. analysis

IV. testing and installation

V. problem/opportunity identification


A. first step

B. second step

C. third step

D. fourth step

E. fifth step

Answer: D, C, B, E, A

Diff: 3

Section Ref: The System Development Life Cycle


75) Match each of the following terms to its definition:

I. pseudocode

II. error handling

III. source code

IV. binary decision

V. variable


A. program instructions written in a higher-level language

B. text-based approach to documenting an algorithm

C. items allocated storage space in RAM

D. managing what a program should do if input data are invalid

E. can be answered in only two ways (for example, yes/no)

Answer: B, D, A, E, C

Diff: 2

Section Ref: Multiple locations in the chapter



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