P1 Revision Booklet Universe Medium (Grade C)
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- (Total 2 marks) Q2.
- (Total 2 marks)
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P1 Revision Booklet Universe Medium (Grade C) Q1. To gain full marks in this question you should write your ideas in good English. Put them into a sensible order and use the correct scientific words. Explain briefly how stars like the Sun are thought to have been formed. ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... (Total 2 marks) Q2. The ‘big bang’ theory is one theory explaining the origin of the Universe. (a) The graphs X, Y and Z, show how the size of the Universe may have changed with time.
Which graph would the ‘big bang’ theory suggest is correct?
Explain the reason for your answer. ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ (3) (b) In 1948, an alternative to the ‘big bang’ theory, called the ‘steady state’ theory, was developed. The ‘steady state’ theory suggested that the Universe, although expanding, has always existed without a beginning in time. (i) Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct line in the box. The measurement of red-shift in the light from distant galaxies provides evidence
(1) (ii) In 1965, scientists rejected the ‘steady stat’ theory in favour of the ‘big bang’ theory. Suggest what might cause scientists to stop supporting one theory and to start supporting an alternative theory. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... (1) (Total 5 marks) Q3. To gain full marks in this question you should write your ideas in good English. Put them into a sensible order and use the correct scientific words. Explain briefly how stars like the Sun are thought to have been formed. ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................... (Total 2 marks) Universe-Mark scheme M1. The answer to this question requires ideas in good English in a sensible order with correct use of scientific terms. Quality of written communication should be considered in crediting points in the mark scheme. Maximum of 1 mark if ideas not well expressed any two from: dust and gas or remnants of a super nova
pulled together by (force of) gravity nuclear fusion starts
M2. (a) Y accept cannot be X as size is increasing 1 shows Universe expanding this scores if Y or Z is chosen accept exploding outwards 1 from a (very small) point this only scores if Y is chosen accept from zero (size) answers in terms of planets negate the last two mark points 1 (b) (i) both the ‘big bang’ and ‘steady state’ theories 1 (ii) (new) evidence that supports / disproves a theory accept proves for supports or (new) evidence not supported by current theory accept there may be more evidence supporting one (theory) than the other (theory) accept new evidence specific to this question eg measurement of CBR or some types of star only found in distant parts of Universe (steady state suggests should be same throughout Universe) 1 [5]
Maximum of 1 mark if ideas not well expressed any two from: dust and gas or remnants of a super nova
pulled together by (force of) gravity nuclear fusion starts
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Write your answer, X, Y or Z, in the box.